Hydraulics Calculators
Size fluid-power and pipe components: hydraulic cylinder push and pull force with the rod-area differential (F = P·A), pneumatic cylinder force, pump output flow and shaft power, pump NPSH available, orifice flow rate, O-ring gland squeeze/fill, pipe ID by velocity, water hammer surge pressure, pipe volume/capacity, pipe slope/invert layout, hose pressure drop, water-pipe pressure drop/head loss and pneumatic free-air consumption. Built around standard ISO bores and actual pipe/hose dimensions.
Hydraulic Cylinder Force
Push and pull force with the rod-area differential shown explicitly. Standard ISO bores.
Hydraulic Cylinder
Hydraulic cylinder push/pull force, stroke speed and standard bore sizing.
Cylinder Force
Cylinder push and pull force from bore, rod diameter and pressure.
Hydraulic Pressure
Required bar/psi from target cylinder force, bore, rod and stroke direction.
Hydraulic Pump Flow & HP
Pump output flow and hydraulic/shaft power from displacement, speed and pressure.
Pneumatic Cylinder Force
Air-cylinder extend and retract force from bore, rod, gauge pressure and efficiency.
Pneumatic Air Consumption
Free-air consumption per cycle and per minute for a pneumatic cylinder.
Hydraulic Accumulator Sizing
Gas-charged accumulator volume from usable oil volume, precharge and pressure range.
Hydraulic Motor Torque
Motor torque, required flow and shaft power from displacement, pressure drop and speed.
Hydraulic Reservoir Size
First-pass hydraulic tank volume from pump flow, residence time and usable oil fraction.
Pneumatic Valve Cv
Estimate air valve Cv from flow, upstream/downstream pressure and temperature.
Hydraulic Hose Pressure Drop
Estimate hose pressure loss, oil velocity, Reynolds number and heat loss from flow, bore and viscosity.
Pipe Flow Pressure Drop
Water-pipe velocity, Reynolds number, Darcy pressure drop, head loss and power loss from flow, pipe ID, length and fittings.
Water Hammer Pressure
Pipe surge pressure, wave speed, critical closure time and pressure-rating margin from flow, pipe geometry, wall thickness and closure time.
Pipe Size by Flow Velocity
Required pipe inside diameter from flow and target velocity, with Darcy pressure drop and head loss at the solved ID.
Pipe Volume
Pipe liquid capacity, contained volume, fluid mass and fill or drain time from actual ID, length, run count, flow and density.
Pipe Slope
Drain and pipe layout slope, fall, pitch, end invert elevation, inches per foot and 1:n ratio from run length or invert elevations.
Pump NPSH
NPSH available, margin and ratio from absolute suction pressure, static head, vapor pressure, line loss and density.
Orifice Flow Rate
Liquid orifice flow rate from diameter, pressure drop, discharge coefficient and density, with velocity and mass flow.
O-Ring Gland
O-ring squeeze, stretch and gland fill from cross section, installed diameter and groove dimensions.
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These tools size the fluid-power side of a machine from first principles rather than a generic pressure-times-area widget. The hydraulic cylinder force calculator returns push and pull force separately, because retract acts on the annulus area only: F_push = P·A_p on extend and F_pull = P·(A_p − A_r) on retract, with the rod-area differential and stroke speed v = Q/A shown explicitly so the asymmetry is never a surprise. The pneumatic cylinder force calculator uses the same area logic at shop-air pressures and applies an efficiency allowance for seal friction.
Past the actuator, the pump flow and HP calculator turns displacement and shaft speed into output flow, then into hydraulic and shaft power (kW = Q·p/600, divided by overall efficiency) so you can pick a drive motor. The pump NPSH calculator checks suction-side head from absolute pressure, static lift/flooded head, vapor pressure and suction-line loss before the pump curve is trusted. The orifice flow rate calculator estimates incompressible liquid restriction flow from Q = Cd·A·√(2Δp/ρ), with velocity and mass-flow output.
The hydraulic hose pressure drop calculator screens oil velocity, Reynolds number and heat loss in hose runs, while the pipe size by flow velocity calculator back-solves required pipe ID from Q/v before the pipe flow pressure drop calculator applies Darcy-Weisbach to water-like plumbing, hydronic and process piping with head-loss output. The water hammer pressure calculator uses the same flow and actual-ID workflow to estimate surge pressure, wave speed, critical closure time and pressure-rating margin from a fast valve closure or pump trip. The pipe volume calculator uses the same actual-ID workflow to estimate line capacity, contained liquid, fluid mass and fill or drain time. The pipe slope calculator handles the layout side: fall, end invert elevation, percent slope, inches per foot and 1:n pitch ratio from run length or measured inverts. The O-ring gland calculator checks squeeze, stretch and gland fill before you go to a seal handbook, and the pneumatic air consumption calculator scales swept volume by the compression ratio to give free-air demand per cycle and per minute for sizing a compressor.
Built for hydraulics technicians, machine builders and fluid-power designers who want the governing formula, not a black box. Every result is unit-flexible across metric and imperial. New to actuator sizing? The walkthrough on how to size a hydraulic cylinder ties bore, pressure and load together step by step.