MachineCalcs

Sheet Metal Box Flat Pattern Calculator

Lay out an open sheet-metal box or tray blank from outside mold-line base dimensions, flange height, bend radius, thickness and K-factor. Returns flat blank size, bend-line offset, bend allowance, bend deduction and corner-relief margin.

Sheet Metal 8 inputs 10 results

Calculator

Finished outside mold-line base length between the length-side bends.
mm
Finished outside mold-line base width between the width-side bends.
mm
Finished outside mold-line side height for all four tray sides.
mm
Sheet thickness.
mm
Inside radius formed by the tooling.
mm
Neutral-axis location as a fraction of material thickness from the inside surface.
Degrees each flange turns from flat. A right-angle tray uses 90 deg bends.
°
Simple square notch size at each corner. Minimum screen is inside radius plus thickness.
mm

Results

Default result
Edit inputs
Flat blank length(Lflat)
394.3mm
Pass

Also computed

Flat blank width(Wflat)Pass294.3mm

Gross blank area(Agross)116,000mm²

Net area after reliefs(Anet)Pass116,000mm²

gross rectangle minus four square relief cuts

Bend line from edge(BLe)Pass48.57mm

distance from blank edge to bend line

Bend allowance per bend(BA)3.134mm

Bend deduction per bend(BD)2.866mm

Sheet metal box flat pattern previewSheet metal box flat pattern previewDashed lines are bend lines; corner relief is shown as square notch locations.Flat blank: 15.522 in x 11.585 inBend line from edge: 1.912 inRelief margin: 0.000 inVerify K-factor, relief and bend sequence with shop tooling.
Method notes 4 notes
  • Dimensions are treated as outside mold-line dimensions.
  • Flat blank length = base length + 2*side height - 2*bend deduction. Flat blank width uses the same relation.
  • Bend line from edge = side height - outside setback + bend allowance/2.
  • Corner relief is a simple square-notch screen. Real boxes may need tabs, miters, hems, weld gaps, bend-sequence changes or shop-specific relief shapes.

A sheet-metal box flat pattern uses outside mold-line dimensions and one bend deduction per side bend. For an open tray, Lflat = Lbase + 2H - 2BD and Wflat = Wbase + 2H - 2BD, where BD = 2*OSSB - BA. This calculator also places bend lines from the edge and screens square corner relief against R + t.

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All Sheet Metal

How to use this calculator

  1. Enter finished base size. Use outside mold-line base length and width between the side bends.
  2. Enter side height. Use the outside mold-line side height for all four tray sides.
  3. Set bend geometry. Enter material thickness, inside bend radius, bend angle and K-factor.
  4. Check blank and relief. Use the flat length, flat width, bend-line offset and corner-relief margin as the first-pass layout.

How it works

This calculator treats the box or tray as a rectangular base with four equal-height side flanges. Dimensions are outside mold-line dimensions, so the flat blank uses bend deduction: Lflat = Lbase + 2H - 2BD Wflat = Wbase + 2H - 2BD

The bend deduction comes from the same sheet-metal bend relation used by the bend allowance and press-brake pages: BA = (pi / 180) x A x (R + K x t) OSSB = (R + t) x tan(A / 2) BD = 2 x OSSB - BA

Bend-line placement is shown as the distance from each blank edge to the bend line: bend line = H - OSSB + BA / 2 The relief screen uses: minimum relief = R + t as a compact check for square corner notches. The same corner-relief workflow is available as a relief notch size calculator.

Pair this with the K-factor calculator, bend allowance calculator, press brake bend deduction calculator, press brake tonnage calculator and sheet metal gauge chart when moving from layout to tooling and material checks.

Worked example

Verified against the live calculator

For a tray with 300 mm outside base length, 200 mm outside base width, 50 mm sides, 1.5 mm thickness, 1.5 mm inside radius, K = 0.33 and 90 deg bends, each bend deduction is about 2.87 mm. The flat blank is about 394.3 mm x 294.3 mm, and the bend lines sit about 48.6 mm in from each edge before corner relief is applied.

Frequently asked questions

How do I calculate a sheet metal box flat pattern?

For an open tray with outside mold-line dimensions, calculate the bend deduction for each side bend, then use flat length = base length + 2 x side height - 2 x bend deduction. The flat width uses the same relation with the base width.

Where do I place the bend lines?

The bend-line offset from each blank edge is side height - outside setback + bend allowance/2. This places the bend line using the same bend allowance, outside setback and K-factor relation used for the flat size.

What corner relief should I use?

This page screens a simple square relief against inside radius plus material thickness. Production parts may need larger slots, round reliefs, tabs, miters, hems, weld gaps or shop-specific corner details.

Does this include press-brake capacity?

No. Use the press brake tonnage calculator for force and V-die checks. This box calculator is only a flat-pattern layout screen.

Are the dimensions inside or outside dimensions?

The calculator treats the entered base and side dimensions as outside mold-line dimensions because bend deduction is normally subtracted from summed outside dimensions.

Method & assumptions

  • Open tray or box with four equal-height sides and one bend per side.
  • Entered base and side dimensions are outside mold-line dimensions.
  • Uses the standard bend allowance, outside setback and bend deduction formulas with an entered K-factor.
  • Corner relief is modeled as four square cutouts; the relief screen is only radius plus thickness.
  • Does not model tabs, hems, lock seams, joggles, closed corners, corner forming, bend sequence, punch/die clearance, grain direction, springback, coating, weld shrinkage, hole distortion or shop-specific bend compensation.
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