MachineCalcs

Chip Load Chart (End Mill Feed per Tooth)

Chip load (feed per tooth, fz) is the bite each flute takes per revolution. It scales roughly with cutter diameter and drops for harder or gummier materials — so a 6 mm end mill takes about 0.050 mm/tooth in aluminium but only 0.020 in stainless. Feed rate is Vf = fz × Z × n (chip load × flutes × RPM). Treat these as starting points to tune.

Rows
9
Columns
4
Basis
Manufacturer-typical starting values
Reviewed
June 1, 2026

These are starting points, not a fixed standard — they vary by tool maker, geometry, coating, flute count and rigidity. Too low a chip load makes the edge rub instead of cut, building heat and dulling the tool; too high overloads the flute and risks breakage. At light radial engagement (small stepover) multiply the listed value by the chip-thinning factor so the actual chip thickness still lands in the cutting range, then dial in by chip colour, sound, finish and tool life. Values are in millimetres per tooth; 1 mm ≈ 0.0394 in (≈39 thou), so 0.050 mm/tooth ≈ 0.002 in.

Typical solid-carbide end-mill chip load (fz) starting values by diameter.
Cutter Ø (mm) Aluminium (mm/tooth) Steel (mm/tooth) Stainless (mm/tooth)
1.5 0.010 0.005 0.004
3 0.025 0.013 0.010
6 0.050 0.025 0.020
8 0.064 0.038 0.030
10 0.075 0.050 0.040
12 0.090 0.064 0.050
16 0.110 0.080 0.064
20 0.130 0.100 0.080
25 0.150 0.115 0.090

Source: Typical carbide-end-mill starting values — manufacturer data varies; tune by chip colour, sound, finish and tool life. Apply radial chip thinning at light radial engagement.