MachineCalcs

Ackermann Steering Calculator

Calculate ideal outside-wheel steer angle, turn radius and Ackermann percentage from wheelbase, track and steer angles.

Calculator

Distance between front and rear axle centers.

mm

Distance between front tire centerlines.

mm

Inside front wheel steer angle.

°

Measured or designed outside front wheel angle at the same steering position.

°

Results

Default result
Edit inputs
Ackermann
87.8%
Pass

Also computed

Ideal outside angle23.34°

Outside angle errorPass0.66°

Center turn radius5.467m

Method notes 2 notes
  • Ackermann percentage compares cot(outside) - cot(inside) against track / wheelbase at one steering position.
  • Real tire slip angles, compliance, caster, steering-axis inclination and bump steer can move the preferred geometry away from pure Ackermann.

Continue workflow

All Automotive

How to use this calculator

  1. Enter wheelbase and track. Use front track width measured at tire centerlines.
  2. Enter inside angle. Use the inside front tire angle at the steering position.
  3. Enter outside angle. Use the measured outside front tire angle.
  4. Read Ackermann. Compare actual geometry with the pure Ackermann target.

How it works

Pure Ackermann satisfies the relationship: cot(outside) - cot(inside) = track / wheelbase. The calculator reports actual percentage against that target.

Use this with lateral acceleration and tire contact patch screens when evaluating chassis setup.

Worked example

Verified against the live calculator

With a 2,700 mm wheelbase, 1,580 mm track and 30 degree inside angle, pure Ackermann calls for about 24.3 degrees at the outside tire.

Frequently asked questions

What is Ackermann steering percentage?

It compares the actual inside/outside steer-angle relationship with the ideal relationship where both front tires point toward the same turn center.

How do you calculate ideal outside steer angle?

Use wheelbase, track width and inside steer angle to find the turn center, then solve the outside wheel angle.

Is 100 percent Ackermann always best?

No. Tire slip angles, compliance and vehicle use can make less or more than pure Ackermann desirable.

What does outside angle error mean?

It is actual outside steer angle minus the ideal outside angle at the entered inside angle.

Method & assumptions

  • Uses planar steering geometry at one steering position.
  • Does not model tire slip angle, caster, KPI, compliance steer, bump steer or steering rack travel.
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